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新研博美與您有“氟”同享——上千種含氟砌塊任你選
閱讀：410 發(fā)布時間：2022-8-5氟是電負性最大的元素，其范德華半徑與氫、氧原子相近，且C-F鍵的鍵能大于C-H鍵鍵能，所以含氟有機化合物能輕松地代替非氟母體進入生物體參與代謝過程，同時又阻礙正常的代謝循環(huán)。這種“偽擬效應”和“阻斷效應”使含氟有機化合物具有特異的生物活性和生物體適應性，含氟藥物的療效也比一般藥物強多倍。較有名的含氟藥物是美國輝瑞公司研發(fā)的降膽固醇藥物——立普妥，上市后便一躍成為銷售額破百億美元的藥品，目前已商品化和正在開發(fā)的含氟藥物有近百種（圖1），每年上市的新藥中大約有20%都含有一個或多個氟原子。
圖1藥物中存在的含氟官能團
氟也常被引入農用化學品中，提高其性能。目前已開發(fā)的含氟農用化學品有伏草隆、氟樂靈、乙氧氟草醚等除草劑和氟蚜蝗、除蟲脲、含氟擬除蟲菊酯等殺蟲劑。除此之外，含氟有機化合物還可用于材料領域。有著“塑料王”之稱的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）是一種以四氟乙烯作為單體聚合而成的高分子聚合物，耐高低溫（-200 ~ +260℃）,除熔融的堿金屬外，PTFE幾乎不受其他化學試劑腐蝕。
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